What does the term "heading" refer to in nautical navigation?

In nautical navigation, the term "heading" specifically refers to the actual direction that the vessel is pointed at any given moment. This is an essential aspect of navigation, as it informs the navigator of the orientation of the vessel relative to the cardinal directions or a predetermined course. Understanding the vessel's heading is critical for effective navigation, as it influences how other navigational parameters—such as drift and tidal currents—impact the vessel's movement through water.

The heading is distinct from the intended path of travel, which is more about the course that has been planned or designed before the voyage. While the intended path can provide guidance on where the vessel is supposed to go, the heading is the practical reality of where the vessel is currently aimed. The vessel's destination and speed are additional navigation factors but do not define the term "heading." Thus, accurately determining and maintaining the heading is vital for ensuring that a vessel remains on its intended course amidst changing conditions.